DESCRIBE FOUR CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS THAT MAY LEAD TO HEART FAILURE AND WHAT CAN BE DONE IN THE FORM OF MEDICAL/NURSING INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEART FAILURE IN EACH CONDITION.
Patient is admitted with decompensated heart failure, with signs and symptoms of pulmonary edema from the poor output of the heart, arrhythmias specifically atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (RVR). The nurses interventions at the time of admission should be a full assessment, blood work to check for electrolyte imbalance, infection, and etc, EKG and continuous tele monitoring to assess if the atrial fibrillation converts to sinus (paroxismal) or if she remains in a-fib (chronic), patient must be started on oxygen via nasal cannula, and she must be started on the medications stat. After being started on Lasix, nursing interventions should include monitoring for intake and output, safety is another intervention since the patient’s BP is low and she is in a-fib, she may experience dizziness and fall, therefore BP must be monitored and safety measures placed for patient. Patient should be positioned in high fowler’s to help with the breathing.
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Get Help Now!What is the rationale for the administration of each of the following medications?
IV furosemide (Lasix)- This is a loop diuretic used to prevent or treat fluid retension in patients with heart failure, liver disease, and renal failure. In this case, the patient has crackles in the lungs, is complaining of shortness of breath, has edema and distended jugular veins, low blood pressure, and coughing, all signs of heart failure and pulmonary congestion secondary to left sided heart failure.
Enalapril (Vasotec)-This is a ACE inhibitor (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) which is used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It allows the ventricles to pump blood out of the heart.
Metoprolol (Lopressor)-This is a beta blocker used for hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias. IN this case, the Metoprolol can help with the patient’s heart failure by allowing the heart to relax and lower the heart rate. Metoprolol is a vasodilator, it relaxes the blood vessels of the heart. Since the patient is in heart failure and afib, his heart is working harder to pump blood and its overworking the heart and weakening it, therefore Metoprolol is used to treat this.
IV morphine sulphate (Morphine)-This is an opiate given to patients with angina and heart failure due to its effects on the sympathetic nervous system. The reduction of the sympathetic stimulation reduces heart rate, cardiac work, and myocardial oxygen consumption. In this scenario, the Morphine will be helpful in reducing the pateint’s anxiety, pain, heart rate, and will allow the heart to relax.
Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to prevent the development of heart failure in each condition.
Coronary artery disease (CAD)- The buildup of plaque/cholesterol in the arteries of the heart can diminsh blood flow to the heart and cause angina or heart attack if it is completely occluded. CAD can also cause HTN and in turn heart failure. CAD can be managed by controlling blood pressure, weight control, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, exercising, and if smoker, tobacco cessation. These will lower the chances of developing CAD. If patient is diagnosed with CAD, then they must be managed with blood thinners, statins, beta blockers, and ACE inhibitors. They should be counceled on low sodium diet, low fat/calorie diet, and exercise therapy. Sometimes, cardiac rehab is helpful for those with chornic angina and CAD. Making sure the patient is compliant with meds and their diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure are controlled will help prevent heart failure.
Hypertrohic cardiomyopathy-Blood vessels in the heart that are damage
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The post DESCRIBE FOUR CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS THAT MAY LEAD TO HEART FAILURE AND WHAT CAN BE DONE IN THE FORM OF MEDICAL/NURSING INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEART FAILURE IN EACH CONDITION. appeared first on Nursing Nursing.
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