Identify, discuss, and documentation of four concepts on nursing. Patient, environment, health, and nurse
Identification, discussion, and documentation from the literature of your perspective on the basic four metaparadigms/concepts of patient, nurse, health, and environment. Two Practice-Specific Concepts: Identification, discussion, and documentation from the literature of your perspective on at least two other concepts specific to your own practice. Model answer Basic Concepts in Nursing In Orem’s theory, four nursing metaparadigm concepts are described; person, environment, health, and nursing. After a keen analysis of the theory, the perspective of the 4 concepts is bound to change. The image of the ‘person’ is confined to one who receives nursing care after self-care administration fails. The ‘environemnt’ view includes the developmental environment and ‘health’ encompasses health maintenance and health promotion. In addition, ‘nursing’ encompasses a comprehension of the significance of the nursing theory as well as its application on the practice settings and nursing profession’s development (Wold, 2012). Person According to Orem, the person is the patient; an individual that functions symbolically, socially, and biologically. The person has a capacity to develop and learn, for self-knowledge, and making deliberate actions so as to satisfy the self-care requirements for maintaining health. If a person is not in a position to care for himself, a family member or care provider can do so. On the same note, individuals cannot escape the natural forces (Wold, 2012). People benefit from nursing since they experience health-related limitations which inhibit continuous self-care. When an individual is sick, the nurse should be committed towards doing all she can to treat the patient even if in collaboration with other professionals. Patients should be treated as intelligent persons who have an intense capacity of learning regarding how to cope with their condition. They should also be treated as so since in many healthcare setups, many professionals ignore this. There is a great need for patient education and communication in relation to self-care administration and provision of healthcare should only be secondary. In the past, patients were treated as the passive recipients but Orem’s theory promotes a shift to self-empowerment and the ‘person’ to enhance self-care (Kelly, 2012). Nursing People usually seek nursing services because of diseases that interfere with the ability of continuous self-care. Caring for oneself is not inherent but learned through integrity and development. The nurse has a critical role of assisting individuals to meet self-care and therapeutic needs. Orem’s theory can be applied in rehabilitation centers that evaluate patient outcomes and discharge plans (Wold, 2012). The theory can also be applied in developing and guiding practice, and both quantitative and qualitative methodologies in nursing research. Health Healthcare is presently a great concern regarding the increasing costs. This calls for alternative care methods. There is a need to ignore the traditional approach where the patient was passive and engage a more proactive recipient who is ware and in a capacity to make decisions that impact his health positively. Self-responsibility is a key aspect of health promotion. To Orem, this is not a novel concept since she states that people can develop their psychomotor and cognitive skills, in addition to the motivation related to actions needed to maintain their health. If patients are keen on self-care, then illnesses can be prevented (Ellis & Hartley, 2012). There is a trend of increased disease prevention and health
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